cultivation Salacca
Type - the kind Salacca
A common one is Salacca wild, like JPdransfieldiana Salacca Mo-GEA; S. JP magniferaMogea; S. minuta; S. multiflora and S. romosiana. additionally to the higher than continues to be known wild Salacca different wild like Salacca rumphili Wallich ex.Blume additionally known as S. wallichiana, C. Martus calledrakum / kumbar (popular in Thailand) as manufacturers of contemporary bitter on the cuisine. Kumbar isn't spiked,flowers homeless a pair of (dioeciious). Salacca includingfamily: Palmae (palm-paleman), monocots, long leaves with main veins sturdy as within the coconut, known as a stick. the whole trunk is brief sharp spiny leaves, gradually rising to three m or additional, finally collapsed unable to hold masses too serious crown ofleaves (not comparable with atiny low trunk).
Salacca varieties or varieties that exist in Indonesia are:High yielding varieties that are released by the govt to be developed are: Salacca pondoh, sewaru, nglumut, Enrekang, rock sugar(Bali), and others. really kind Salacca in Indonesia there are 3 placing variations, namely: Java Salacca Salacca zalacca (Gaertner) Voss, whose seed was 2-3 grains, Salacca Bali Salacca amboinensis (Becc) Mogea the seed 1-2 grains, andSalacca Padang, Sidempuan Salacca sumatrana(Becc) the fleshy red. Salacca varieties that have a high industrial worth.
way of cultivation, planting or gardening Salacca
nurseries Salacca
In an endeavor to think about breeding Salacca genetictraits. Naturally it may be seen a flowering plant that's perpetually Salacca males. Plants of this kind are notable to provide fruit.
To obtain seeds that may turn out Salacca donegenerative (Salacca seeds) and vegetative (seedlingshoots). Salacca breeding by seed appears lots easier and cheaper, particularly for the needs in massive quantities. additionally, the plant can acquire a stronger condition. The draw back of seeding systemis generative, longer fruiting time, doesn't alwayshave the genetic traits and also the same superior parenttrees and might not be ascertained whether or not the seeds can become plants became females or males plants.
Seeds may be obtained by separating vegetativetillers, each directly and artificially separate theseedlings (transplant). These seeds have many blessings, among others, the results obtained plants that nature should be constant because the parent tree, it may be ascertained beforehand of plant cited sex (male / female), quick flowering andfruiting, and also the results are additional varied (relatively like the parent tree). Salacca plants which will function the parent of vegetative propagation, ought to have the subsequent criteria:
- Trees ought to be the parent of quite one yearold;
- the expansion of lush and there are not any signs of yellowing leaves;
- freed from pests and diseases;
- Fruitful dense and of fine quality;
- bud to be grafted seedlings are sufficiently old and contains a stem of 4-5 strands.
n the calculation of the feasibility of farming this Salacca assumed for breeding the primary time (year 0)is to shop for seedlings prepared for planting, as well as seeds males. As for the seedlings Salacca subsequent years performed with transplants,resulting in the calculation of the feasibility analysis can explore for grafting labor prices (especially for Salacca Pondo).
Planting and Maintenance Salacca.
Before planting, the primary stage of processing to try to to island whose goal is to create a crumbly soil so as to become a decent plant growth, likewise on clean the plant pests (weeds). The work method begins with the cultivation of this soil as deep as ± thirty cm, and performed 3-4 weeks before planting. To prepareplant holes, there are 2 varieties of ways:
excavation Direct
With the scale of every hole is sixty cm long, sixty cm width sixty cm and depth of the well. within the former lands of the excavation are given manure the maximum amount as 5-7 kg / planting hole. whereas the spacing is usually2 x a pair of meters or a pair of.5 x 2.5 meters.
Excavation Indirect
For the primary time the realm be planted Salacca, ought to be created before bed. Its size is that the width of200-250 cm, height ± thirty cm, and length custom-made tofield conditions. the gap between beds about60-80 cm. along side creating beds, manureincorporated into soil. Manure wants regarding twenty - thirty tons / ha. when the manure is left for two weeks.Henceforth, then created a planting hole measuring thirty cm long, thirty cm wide and it's additionally thirty cm. Spacingranging from a pair of x a pair of meters or a pair of.5 x 2.5 meters.
Crop Protection Salacca
For the first stages as a result of plants can't be exposed Salacca direct daylight, it's sometimes created cowl crops that may be done one year before thecrop is planted Salacca. For this kind of canopy crop scan be formed like, lamtoro, dadap, turi or different cowl crops.
Outdoor Water
The operate of the pool water is to produce irrigation water garden Salacca in dry seasons. Pool size custom-made to the land space and general location of the pool whenever attainable placed within the middle of the garden Salacca with the intention that within the dryseason these pools will participate and createmicroclimate and soil moisture and an optimalenvironment for plant growth Salacca. so as topool water may be streamed round the garden, additionally needed the manufacture of irrigation channels. To optimize the operate of those tubs, are typically additionally used to lift fish.
drainage
Moreover, it additionally created drainage, as a result of the plant sare not proof against Salacca puddles. Disposal of water over land is extremely vital, as a result of plants won't bear Salacca standing water in an exceedingly long term.Things like this sometimes happens throughout the rainyseason. whereas every now and then the dry drainage can function a way to divide water from water sources (Indoor water), as a result of the plants don't seem to be drought resistant Salacca in an exceedingly long term. during this method, then it's preparedland moist enough, however not muddy..
Salacca plants are usually planted at the start of the rainy season when the soil contains enough water that's 60-80%, sometimes happens in November or December. In case of loose soil with moisture andthus, the roots of seedlings are ready to live and thriveas well, as a result of oxygen continues to be sufficiently on the market thus on stimulate root growth, and roots don't rot as a result of the soil isn't too saturated water.
Plant Maintenance Salacca
In times of planting and maintenance prices incurred are included the acquisition of manure, TSP, and KCl, Za pesticides like pesticides and fungicides. As for labor prices can embody prices for land preparation, planting, replanting, fertilizing, control,pruning, transplanting, harvesting and post harvest.
Garden maintenance and regular Salacca right can increase the productivity of the garden and so as to produce the required results, either a rised production or an increase in different revenue. Plant maintenance business a decent bark can embody things just like the following:
stitching Salacca
approximately 2-3 weeks when planting, ought to beheld within the garden Salacca examination. If found Salacca growth isn't sensible or die, as soon as attainable done stitching. so as for the expansion of newly planted seedlings don't seem to be way behind with different plants, seeds ought to be selected with sensible graft maintenance intensive. Stitching is helpful to understand the particular variety of plants (productivity) that may later be known quantity of product which will be generated. Stitching ought to be performed at the start of the rainy season.
lawyer Salacca
this activity is finished as a result of the plants can't stand up to Salacca soil containing stagnant water.The solution to beat this drawback is to try to to growth, that is sometimes performed in conjunction with the weeding and might be repeated reckoning on the landscape.
leveling the bottom
this activity is finished as a result of the plants can't stand up to Salacca soil containing stagnant water. The solution for to unravel this drawback is to conduct land leveling, that is sometimes performed in conjunction with the weeding and might be repeated reckoning on the landscape.
fertilization Salacca
necessary owing to the time of planting up to every time choosing the fruit, the plant has absorbed variety Salacca components of food, soil conditions become thinner and consequently plant growth Salacca disturbed. Therefore, we should always plan to maintain, increase and enhance soil fertility, by method of fertilizing. this kind of fertilizer may be known there are a pair of varieties of organic fertilizers (natural fertilizers) and inorganic fertilizers (synthetic fertilizers).
Control of pests and plant diseases Salacca
this is done mainly as a preventative live against pests and plant diseases Salacca. Technical management may be done by removing the rotten fruit, prune shade trees, paved drainage channels, clean dirt and spray fungicide.
trimming Salacca
carried out here generally prune shade trees to manage daylight (radiation level) is sufficient for plant wants, facilitate air circulation and maintenance of plant, reducing the air humidity throughout the rainy season and maintain a definite level of shade throughout the dry season. whereas pruning for plant Salacca begins when the age of 1 year. Pruning aims to manage the expansion of vegetative to generative growth direction are additional productive. therefore the real purpose of pruning is to manage and stimulate plant Salacca to provide additional fruit.
transplant
this is done to extend the seed crop Salacca through young shoots. owing to the distinctiveness of the plant may be transplanted Salacca is. regarding the advantages of transplants has been noted beforehand.
Harvest and Post Harvest Fruit Salacca
First harvest by using seedlings transplanted at the age of the plant vegetative begins Salacca pondo aged 2-3 years. choosing the fruit sometimes done when 7-8 months from the prevalence of pollination. to reap the fruit isn't selected one by one however is cut along the stems.
Excess properties Salacca plant will bloom throughout the year, with intensive maintenance records. However, sometimes inside one year of harvest of solely twice that in December / January and June / July.
Post-harvest action is sometimes done when the fruit ispicked, cleaned and immediately inserted into the basket. The fruit is sometimes ready to hold Salacca kept to a most of two or three weeks as long because the fruit isn't injured, free from pests or diseases and storage of air circulation going well.
Until currently Salacca fruit marketed as contemporary fruit. Farmers makers will sell on to shoppers, like visible to Salacca pondo being sold on the highway, where cultivated pondo Salacca.
Equipment employed in the cultivation Salacca
The equipment required for the institution and maintenance of plant Salacca embody hoes, rakes, sickles, sprayer, baskets and different equipment-other.
Fruit productivity Salacca Pondoh
To be ready to understand Salacca crop productivity, reckoning on what quantity spacing to be used. actually on the bottom spacing is varied sizes, like a pair of x a pair of m2, 2.5 x 2.5 m2, 2 x 2.5 m2 or additionally perform with a spacing of three x one m2. If the spacing {of a pair of|of two} x a pair of m2 then the amount of stem bark of plants may be planted regarding 2,500 rods. For a section of one,000 m2 may be planted as several as four hundred trees. thus in one ha of arable land the maximum amount as four,000 trees. Assuming that may be harvested the maximum amount as eightieth, lived 3200 plant Salacca rod that may bear fruit. For plants within the first and 2nd Salacca plant has not been ready to bear fruit. Most solely turn out seeds through a transplant.
